JEE Main 2025 Jan 28 Shift 2, Chemistry Q24: Group 15 Elements: The Nitrogen Family

JEE Main2025Jan 28, Shift 2Chemistry

A group 15 element forms $d π - d π$ bond with transition metals. It also forms hydride, which is a strongest base among the hydrides of other group members that form $d π - d π$ bond. The atomic number of the element is _____.

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Solution

Among group-15 elements, nitrogen has no accessible d-orbitals and therefore cannot form $d π - d π$ back-bonds with transition metals. The remaining members (P, As, Sb, Bi) do have empty d-orbitals available for such overlap.

Of these, phosphine $P H_{3}$ is the most basic hydride; basicity decreases on going down the group ( $P H_{3} > A s H_{3} > S b H_{3} > B i H_{3}$ ) because the lone pair becomes increasingly diffuse and the H-E-H angle decreases.

$∴$ The element is phosphorus, with atomic number $15$ .

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JEE Main 2025 Jan 28 Shift 2, Chemistry Q24: Group 15 Elements: The Nitrogen Family

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