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NEET 2022, Biology Q89: Evidences of Evolution

NEET2022Biology
Q.

Which of the following statements is not true?

  1. A

    Analogous structures are a result of convergent evolution

  2. B

    Sweet potato and potato is an example of analogy

  3. C

    Homology indicates common ancestry

  4. D

    Flippers of penguins and dolphins are a pair of homologous organs

Solution

Flippers of penguins (birds) and dolphins (mammals) perform a similar function (swimming) but have evolved independently from different ancestral structures. They are therefore analogous, not homologous.

The other statements are correct: analogous structures arise through convergent evolution, sweet potato (modified root) and potato (modified stem) are an example of analogy, and homologous structures indicate common ancestry through divergent evolution.

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