In the List-I, four optical effects are mentioned. The physical phenomena of light which are essential to describe these optical effects are given in List-II. Choose the option which describes the correct match between the entries in List-I to those in List-II.
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (P) Colorful sky in north polar region (Aurora Borealis) | (1) Dispersion and reflection |
| (Q) Partially polarized sun light | (2) Total internal reflection |
| (R) Rainbow | (3) Diffraction |
| (S) Dark and bright fringes | (4) Scattering of light by molecules in the atmosphere |
| (5) Emission of radiation from oxygen and nitrogen atoms excited by charged particles |
- A
P 5; Q 4; R 1; S 3
- B
P 4; Q 2; R 1; S 3
- C
P 4; Q 1; R 2; S 3
- D
P 5; Q 4; R 1; S 2
(P) Aurora Borealis. Charged solar particles funnel along Earth's magnetic field into the polar atmosphere and excite oxygen and nitrogen atoms, which then emit characteristic green and red light. The phenomenon is emission from excited atmospheric atoms. P 5.
(Q) Partially polarised sunlight. Sunlight becomes partially polarised due to scattering by air molecules; the scattered component perpendicular to the line of sight is strongly polarised. Q 4.
(R) Rainbow. Water droplets refract (dispersing the colours) and internally reflect sunlight, producing the coloured arc. The essential phenomena are dispersion and reflection. R 1.
(S) Dark and bright fringes in a Young's double-slit experiment arise from diffraction and interference of coherent light. S 3.
Mapping P 5, Q 4, R 1, S 3 corresponds to option (A).