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JEE Main 2025 Apr 4 Shift 2, Physics Q16: Semiconductors, p-n Junction Diode and Applications

JEE Main2025Apr 4, Shift 2Physics
Q.

Consider a n-type semiconductor in which and are number of electrons and holes, respectively.

(A) Holes are minority carriers

(B) The dopant is a pentavalent atom

(C)

(where is number of electrons or holes in semiconductor when it is intrinsic form)

(D)

(E) The holes are not generated due to the donors

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

  1. A

    (A), (C), (D) only

  2. B

    (A), (C), (E) only

  3. C

    (A), (B), (E) only

  4. D

    (A), (B), (C) only

Solution

In an -type semiconductor, donor atoms (pentavalent: P, As, Sb in Si or Ge) supply free electrons. Electrons are majority and holes are minority. So (A) and (B) are correct.

The mass-action law at thermal equilibrium gives , regardless of doping. So (C) is incorrect (the product equals , not differs from it) and (D) is incorrect too.

Donors only supply electrons; they do not directly create holes. Holes in an -type material arise from thermal excitation across the gap, not from the donors. So (E) is correct.

Correct statements: (A), (B), (E).

Concept behind this question

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