JEE Main 2025 Jan 28 Shift 2, Chemistry Q17: Colligative Properties

JEE Main2025Jan 28, Shift 2Chemistry

Assume a living cell with $0.9%$ ( $ω / ω$ ) of glucose solution (aqueous). This cell is immersed in another solution having equal mole fraction of glucose and water.

(Consider the data upto first decimal place only)

The cell will :

A
shrink since solution is $\sim 90.9%$ ( $ω / ω$ )
B
shrink since solution is $0.45%$ ( $ω / ω$ ) as a result of association of glucose molecules (due to hydrogen bonding)
C
swell up since solution is $1%$ ( $ω / ω$ )
D
Show no change in volume since solution is $0.9%$ ( $ω / ω$ )

Solution

The cell contains a $0.9%$ (w/w) glucose solution — very dilute.

The surrounding solution has equal mole fractions of glucose and water: $x_{glucose} = x_{water} = 0.5$ . Taking $0.5$ mol of each as a basis:

Mass of glucose $= 0.5 \times 180 = 90$ g; mass of water $= 0.5 \times 18 = 9$ g; total mass $= 99$ g.

Mass percent of glucose outside $= \frac{90}{99} \times 100 \approx 90.9%$ (w/w).

The external solution is far more concentrated than the internal ( $\sim 90.9%$ vs $0.9%$ ), so it is strongly hypertonic. Water leaves the cell by osmosis, and the cell shrinks.

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JEE Main 2025 Jan 28 Shift 2, Chemistry Q17: Colligative Properties

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