NEET 2022 — Chemistry solution

NEET2022Chemistry

Given below are two statements :

Statement I :

Primary aliphatic amines react with HNO $_{2}$ to give unstable diazonium salts.

Statement II :

Primary aromatic amines react with HNO $_{2}$ to form diazonium salts which are stable even above 300 K.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

A
Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect.
B
Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.
C
Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.
D
Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

Solution

Aliphatic primary amines react with HNO $_{2}$ to give alkyl diazonium ions $R - N_{2}^{+}$ that lose N $_{2}$ rapidly, even at low temperatures, so they are highly unstable. Statement I is correct.

Aromatic primary amines such as aniline give aryl diazonium salts that are stabilised by resonance with the ring. However, this stabilisation is effective only below 5 $^{\circ}$ C; well above this temperature (and certainly above 300 K) they decompose. The claim in Statement II that they are stable above 300 K is therefore incorrect.

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